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Baldessari, Alicia – DQO
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logo

+54-11-528-58547

secret@qo.fcen.uba.ar

Ciudad Universitaria

Pabellón II

8.30 a 16.00

Lunes a Viernes


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logo

(+54 11) 4576-3346

info@qo.fcen.uba.ar

Ciudad Universitaria

Pabellón II

08:30 a 17:00 hs

Lunes a Viernes


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Baldessari, Alicia

Doctora en Ciencias Químicas

Biocatalizadores en síntesis de compuestos farmacéuticos y biomateriales poliméricos

Los biocatalizadores, tanto enzimas aisladas como células enteras, son ampliamente conocidos por su eficiencia como catalizadores de reacción. Sus propiedades de quimio, regio- y estereoselectividad así como su aplicación en solventes orgánicos han incrementado notablemente su incorporación a las estrategias sintéticas convencionales. Diversas aplicaciones de su uso en síntesis orgánica en diferentes áreas del sector productivo muestran su importancia y potencial en la industria alimenticia, petroquímica y farmacoquímica.

El Laboratorio de Biocatálisis se dedica a la aplicación de biocatalizadores en reacciones destinadas a la producción de agentes terapéuticos y a la síntesis verde de polímeros con aplicación biomédica.

Se han explorado estrategias enzimáticas y quimioenzimáticas con lipasas que permitieron la síntesis de numerosos derivados de esteroides (pregnanos, androstanos, corticoides, ácidos, biliares, etc.), terpenos, antioxidantes y vitaminas; y la síntesis de amidas, en particular alcanolamidas de ácidos grasos como anandamida y sus análogos, vainillilamidas, fenilacetamidas, etc. Algunos de estos compuestos mostraron ser activos como antitumorales, antivirales y antiparasitarios contra la malaria y la enfermedad de Chagas.

Las lipasas también resultaron apropiadas como catalizadores en la preparación de polímeros biodegradables y biocompatibles como poliésteres polihidroxilados de bajo peso molecular, co- y terpolímeros derivados de acrilato de etilo y etanolamina, una poliamidoamina con estructura regular útil en liberación controlada de fármacos, y un beta peptoide que, copolimerizado con caprolactona, dio lugar a un polímero brush generador de films nanoporosos. Finalmente en el laboratorio también se aplicaron células enteras de microorganismos logrando la reducción selectiva de alfa- y beta-cetoésteres, 1,2-dicetonas y una serie de derivados del anticonceptivo drospirenona.

La Biocatálisis permite efectuar las reacciones en condiciones suaves, libres de reacciones laterales y con un mínimo impacto sobre el medio ambiente. Estas ventajas significativas resultan más importantes aún si consideramos que los productos obtenidos tienen aplicación en la vida humana directamente como medicamentos, nutracéuticos o biomateriales.

 

Biocatalysts in synthesis of pharmaceuticals and polymer biomaterials

Biocatalysts, as isolated enzymes or whole cells, are well known as efficient reaction catalysts. Their chemo-, regio- and stereoselective behavior and their application in organic solvents have remarkably increased their use in as alternative in traditional synthetic strategies. Various applications of biocatalysts in organic synthesis have been described for different areas of chemical industry: food, petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.

The Laboratory of Biocatalysis is devoted to the application of bioctalysts to the preparation of therapeutic agents and green synthesis of biomaterials with biomedical application.

Enzymatic and chemoenzymatic strategies were studied with lipases as biocatalysts, which allowed the synthesis of a lot of steroid derivatives (pregnanes, androstanes, corticoids, bile acids, etc.), terpenes, antioxidants and vitamins; and the synthesis of amides, particularly fatty acid alkanolamides such as anandamide and analogs, vanillylamides, phenylacetamides, etc. Some of these compounds showed to be active as antitumor, antiviral and antiparasitic agents against malaria and Chagas disease.

Lipases were also useful as biocatalysts in the synthesis of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers such as polyhydroxylated polyesters, co- and terpolymers from ethyl acrylate and ethanolamine, a polyamidoamine containing a regular structure useful in controlled drug delivery and a beta-peptoid that, as a copolymer with caprolactone, afforded nanoporous films from a brush polymer.

Finally, microorganism whole cells were applied, achieving the selective reduction of alpha- and beta-ketoesters, 1,2-diketones and a series of new derivatives of the contraceptive drospirenone.

Biocatalysis allows the execution of reactions in milder conditions, eliminating unwanted side reactions and maintaining the environmental impact at a minimum level. These advantages are even more relevant if we consider that the products obtained will greatly affect human life directly through the use of pharmaceuticals or biomaterials.

 

 

 


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